Fluid Power Formulas

 
Basic Fluid Power Formulas / Hydraulics / Pneumatics
Variable
Word Formula w/ Units
Simplified Formula
Fluid Pressure - P (PSI) = Force (Pounds) / Area ( Sq. In.) P  =  F / A
Fluid Flow Rate - Q GPM= Flow (Gallons) / Unit Time (Minutes) Q = V / T
Fluid Power in Horsepower - HP Horsepower = Pressure (PSIG) × Flow (GPM)/ 1714 HP = PQ / 1714
Actuator Formulas
Variable
Word Formula w/ Units
Simplified Formula
Cylinder Area - A ( Sq. In.) = ? × Radius (inch)2 A  =  ?  × R2
(Sq. In.) = ? × Diameter (inch)2 / 4 A  = ?  × D2 / 4
Cylinder Force - F (Pounds) = Pressure (psi)   × Area (sq. in.) F  =  P × A
Cylinder Speed - v (Feet / sec.) = (231 × Flow Rate (gpm))/
(12 × 60 × Area)		 v   =  (0.3208 × gpm) / A
Cylinder Volume Capacity - V Volume = ? × Radius2 × Stroke (In.) / 231 V = ? × R2 × L / 231
(L = length of stroke)
Cylinder Flow Rate - Q Volume = 12 × 60 × Velocity (Ft./Sec.) × Net Area(In.)2 / 231 Q = 3.11688 × v × A
Fluid Motor Torque - T Torque (in. lbs.) = Pressure (psi) × disp. (in.3/ rev.) / 6.2822 T  =  P × d / 6.2822
Torque = HP × 63025 / RPM T = HP × 63025 / n
Torque = Flow Rate (GPM) × Pressure × 36.77 / RPM T = 36.77 × Q × P / n
Fluid Motor Speed - n Speed (RPM)  =  (231 × GPM) / Disp. (in.)3 n  =  (231 × GPM) / d
Fluid Motor Horsepower - HP HP = Torque (in. lbs.) × rpm / 63025 HP  =  T × n / 63025
Pump Formulas
Variable
Word Formula w/ Units
Simplified Formula
Pump Output Flow - GPM GPM = (Speed (rpm) × disp. (cu. in.)) / 231 GPM =  (n ×d) / 231
Pump Input Horsepower - HP HP =  GPM × Pressure (psi) / 1714 × Efficiency HP  =  (Q ×P) / 1714 × E
Pump Efficiency - E Overall Efficiency = Output HP / Input HP EOverall = HPOut / HPIn X 100
Overall Efficiency = Volumetric Eff. × Mechanical Eff. EOverall = EffVol. × EffMech.
Pump Volumetric Efficiency - E Volumetric Efficiency = Actual Flow Rate Output (GPM) / Theoretical Flow Rate Output (GPM) × 100 EffVol. = QAct. / QTheo. X 100
Pump Mechanical Efficiency - E Mechanical Efficiency = Theoretical Torque to Drive / Actual Torque to Drive × 100 EffMech = TTheo. / TAct. × 100
Pump Displacement - CIPR Displacement (In.3 / rev.) = Flow Rate (GPM) × 231 / Pump RPM CIPR = GPM × 231 / RPM
Pump Torque - T Torque = Horsepower × 63025 / RPM T = 63025 × HP / RPM
Torque = Pressure (PSIG) × Pump Displacement (CIPR) / 2? T = P × CIPR / 6.28

Service & Support Overview

With many companies, service ends the moment a sale is completed. Royal Systems Group believes that customer support is important BEFORE, DURING, and AFTER each and every sale. In many cases, support is the only deciding issue between a repeat customer and one that never returns.

Royal Systems Group is committed to providing the highest quality customer support possible for each and every one of our customers, regardless of size. Whatever your need may be, we will do our best to provide you with the solutions that allow you to make the decisions necessary to keeping your business running smoothly and efficiently.
With over three (3) decades of experience in supporting customers, we feel that there is no situation or application that we cannot provide a solution for, but solutions are worthless unless you, our customer, can implement them affordably and effectively. Let Royal Systems Group be your first and last choice when it comes to any and all of your Hydraulic needs.

Because Service and Support DOES make a Difference!

Service & Support Offerings:
  • System Design
  • System Manufacturing
  • System Installation
  • System Trouble Shooting
  • System Repair
  • System Testing
 Service & Support Tools:
  • Testing up to 500 HP in our facility
  • Pump test stands include 250,50,40,20 HP
  • Fluids we test with include Mil5606, Mineral based, and Skydrol & Fyrquel.
  • Dedicated servo test stand for certifying gas and steam actuators for the power generation industry
  • Computerized fluid particle & water monitoring equipment. (ISO, NAS)
  • Hydraulic & Manual tube bending
  • Service Vehicles
  • Welders
  • Computerized pressure testers for in field (10,000 PSI)

Basic Fluid Power Formulas